How Gentrification Saved Harlem

Recently homeowners in my corner of Harlem held athat promised zero interest rates. The scam artists
soiree in someone's garden. We form a warm groupwho solicited people to over-borrow just didn't
of 130 people who represent the changingapproach Harlem as aggressively. Take a look at the
neighborhood -- black old-timers with a growingnumbers. Only 0.8 percent of all home-purchases
number of whites. Everyone brought a dish or bottlemortgages in the Hamilton Heights area in 2006 were
and the talk over the macaroni was cheerful. Didsub-prime, versus 34 percent in Bedford-Stuyvesant
anyone know a good contractor? How did the Littleand 39 percent in East New York. (EDITORS -- These
League do this summer? A door prize, a box ofare the latest available figures.) Refinancing loans from
Godiva chocolates, was awarded to the longestrisky lenders were likewise lower here.
resident -- Dina Morrison, 93, who has lived with her"It was all a matter of the assumptions of the
older sister in the same place for 67 years. No onepredators," said Dwayne Jones, lending director of the
mentioned foreclosures.Parodneck Foundation, a housing advocacy group.
Foreclosure crisis? What crisis? Not in Harlem."They did not come to Harlem." He credits the large
Harlem is full of the sort of people who are losing theirconcentration of organizations like his, as well as social
properties all over New York City, namely little oldnetworks like our homeowners' association, for raising
ladies and working-class African-American families. Butawareness among less savvy member of the
the nation's black capital has been insulated from thecommunity.
sub-prime meltdown by the very thing usually blamedThose Harlemites who did borrow more than they
for destroying communities of color -- gentrification.actually owned could take the money and run. That's
While the dreaded G word has priced some residentswhat our next-door neighbor did. Literally a week
out of the 'hood, we've seen a paradoxical upside. Thebefore the bank jumped to possess her 1888 row
house values that have skyrocketed over the past 15house, she sold the property for a nice packet to a
years in Harlem scared off many predatory lenderswhite family and found something cheaper. Granted, it's
who targeted other black areas. These $1-million-plusdisruptive to move but she was spared financial ruin.
price tags have also given homeowners who areThe added positive effect is that properties like hers
struggling to keep apace with mortgage payments thedo not sit vacant during New York's long foreclosure
option of selling out before the bank closes in. "Thereprocess. We see a vicious cycle in foreclosure-hit
tends to be a tight connection between propertyareas, where empty houses sink the cost of those
values and foreclosures," explains Josiah Madar, fromnearby. As anyone who lived through Harlem's dark
the Furman Center for Real Estate and Urban Policyghetto days knows, no one wants to live next to a
at New York University.boarded up building that tempts drug dealers to loiter.
He and other experts understand little about theMoreover, few people want to buy a boarded up
mechanisms of abusive lending, other than the starkbuilding with a leaking roof, which is often the case as
racial component. Eight of the ten top neighborhoodsbanks rarely maintain the properties they seize.
hit by foreclosures in the city are overwhelminglyThis is not to say that gentrification is great for
non-white. A map representing the worst afflictedeveryone. Of course it has a bad side. Most
areas -- among them Bedford-Stuyvesant, East NewHarlemites rent apartments and do not dwell in fancy
York, North Bronx, South Jamaica -- says it all. Eachmansions. The locale is losing its status as the last
filing is a dot, and the aforementioned areas resembleoutpost of affordability in Manhattan. Those suffering
solid metastasizing cancers, with several hundredare victims not of the white professionals who buy
foreclosures each.shells and fix them up. No, the destructive forces are
Yet the area comprising Hamilton Heights, which claimsthe big developers who scoop up rent-stabilized
some of Harlem's most prized Victorian brownstones,apartment buildings and then try to force out tenants
had just eight foreclosure notices, so few one canby doing improvements and jacking up the price. Some
discern the individual specks.of these investors borrowed more than the value of
It appears that the conmen who besieged other blacktheir properties, and now risk default. Then what
neighborhoods steered away from Harlem, wageringhappens to the residents living on the premises?
that anyone who lived in a valuable townhouse wouldFor the time being, though, homeowners like Dina
be too financially sophisticated for their tricks. Unlike inMorrison are in a good place. There's talk among the
the outer boroughs where the racial demographic ishomeowners of a jolly Christmas party, just like every
similar but house values lower, Harlem residents didn'tyear of plenty.
report a barrage of flyers pushed through mail slots